Abstract
Non-human primates are routinely studied and managed in zoos, conservation breeding centers, and
research centers, but there is currently limited information regarding diseases that can affect these
animals. Dilated cardiomyopathy is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases in small animal
clinical practice. However, there are few reports of this condition occurring in non-human primates. Here,
in a spider monkey (Ateles chamek) housed in the Rio de Janeiro Zoo, we report the occurrence of dilated
cardiomyopathy, its etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis through clinical examination,
and the use of complementary exams (radiographic, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic), as
well as the protocol, used in the treatment. In this case, it is assumed that the occurrence of the disease
was related to the peripartum period due to the hormonal and metabolic changes that occurred, and the
physiological interactions of gestation and puerperium
