Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
Mesothelioma is a rare malignant neoplasm that affects the mesothelial cells lining the thoracic and abdominal cavities, such as the pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium. It is most prevalent in dogs and cattle, but the causes of this disease in animals are uncertain. In felines, it mainly affects the pleura, with an unfavorable prognosis. This paper explores a rare case of metastatic peritoneal mesothelioma in a 2-year-old female mixed breed cat, emphasizing its uniqueness due to the feline’s age. The patient, previously treated at a private clinic, presented moderate abdominal distension as the only clinical sign. Abdominal ultrasound and peritoneal fluid cytology led to the provisional diagnosis of mesothelioma/ carcinomatosis. One day after exploratory laparotomy, the animal died and was subsequently sent for necropsy. During macroscopic analysis, nodules were observed in the peritoneum, diaphragm, omentum, stomach serosa, and large intestine, and the diagnosis of solid epithelioid peritoneal mesothelioma with lung metastasis was confirmed after microscopic analysis. The diagnosis of mesothelioma is challenging, and the importance of immunohistochemical panels with specific markers such as cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and calretinin is highlighted. Considering that mesothelioma is a pathology with a poor prognosis, it is essential to include this disease in the list of differential diagnoses within veterinary oncology.
References
Akiyama, K., Akiyama, K., & Suzuki, Y. (1982). A case of feline peritoneal mesothelioma with psammoma bodies. The Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science, 44(6), 975-979. http://dx.doi.org/10.1292/jvms1939.44.975. PMid:7182639.
Bacci, B., Morandi, F., Meo, M., & Marcato, P. S. (2006). Ten cases of feline mesothelioma: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 134(4), 347-354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. jcpa.2006.02.001. PMid:16712862.
Bertolini, G. (2017). The peritoneal cavity, retroperitoneum, and abdominal wall. In G. Bertolini (Ed.), Body MDCT in small animals (pp. 225-246). Cham: Springer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46904-1_10.
Caswell, J. L., & Williams, K. J. (2016). Respiratory system. In M. G. Maxie (Ed.), Jubb, Kennedy, and Palmer’s pathology of domestic animals (6nd ed., pp. 518-523). St. Louis: Elsevier. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7020-5318-4.00011-5.
Cury, P. M., Butcher, D. N., Fisher, C., Corrin, B., & Nicholson, A. G. (2000). Value of the mesothelium-associated antibodies, thrombomodulin, cytokeratin 5/6, calretinin and CD44 H in distinguishing epithelioid pleural mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma metastatic to the pleura. Modern Pathology, 13(2), 107-112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.3880018. PMid:10697265.
Doglioni, C., Dei, A. P., Laurino, L., Iuzzolino, P., Chiarelli, C., Celio, M. R., & Viale, G. (1996). Calretinin: a novel immunocytochemical marker for mesothelioma. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 20(9), 1037-1046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000478-199609000-00001. PMid:8764740.
Garrett, L. D. (2007). Mesothelioma. In S. J. Withrow & D. M. Vail (Eds.), Small animal clinical oncology (4th ed., 847 p.). St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier.
Gelberg, H. B. (2018). Sistema digestório, peritônio, omento, mesentério e cavidade peritoneal. In J. F. Zachary (Ed.), Bases da patologia em veterinária (6ª ed., pp. 1389). Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier.
Harbison, M. L., & Godleski, J. J. (1983). Malignant mesothelioma in urban dogs. Veterinary Pathology, 20(5), 531-540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098588302000504. PMid:6636462.
Heerkens, T. M.-J., Smith, J. D., Fox, L., & Hostetter, J. M. (2011). Peritoneal fibrosarcomatous mesothelioma in a cat. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 23(3), 593-597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638711403405. PMid:21908298.
Kim, S. M., Oh, Y., Oh, S. H., & Han, J. H. (2016). Primary diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma in a striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis). Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 78(3), 485-487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1292/jvms.15-0377. PMid:26568187.
Kobayashi, Y., Usuda, H., Ochiai, K., & Itakura, C. (1994). Malignant mesothelioma with metastases and mast cell leukaemia in a cat. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 111(4), 453-458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9975(05)80103-3. PMid:7884062.
Laflamme, D. (1997). Development and validation of a body condition score system for cats: a clinical tool. Feline Practice, 25(5-6), 13-18.
Lugli, A., Forster, Y., Haas, P., Nocito, A., Bucher, C., Bissig, H., Mirlacher, M., Storz, M., Mihatsch, M. J., & Sauter, G. (2003). Calretinin expression in human normal and neoplastic tissues: a tissue microarray analysis on 5233 tissue samples. Human Pathology, 34(10), 994-1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/S0046-8177(03)00339-3. PMid:14608532.
Morini, M., Bettini, G., Morandi, F., Burdisso, R., & Marcato, P. S. (2006). Deciduoid peritoneal mesothelioma in a dog. Veterinary Pathology, 43(2), 198-201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.43-2-198. PMid:16537940.
Morris, J., & Dobson, J. (2001). Miscellaneous tumors. In J. Morris & J. Dobson (Eds.), Small animal oncology (1st ed., pp. 270-272). Oxford: Blackwell Science. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470690406.ch17.
Munday, J. S., Löhr, C. V., & Kiupel, M. (2017). Tumors of the alimentary tract. In D. J. Meuten (Ed.), Tumors in domestic animals (5nd ed., pp. 592-595). Ames: Wiley Blackwell.
Piacenti, A. M., Ocarino, N. M., Silva, A. E., Rachid, M. A., França, S. A., & Serakides, R. (2004). Mesotelioma pleural com metástase renal em gato. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 56(4), 558-561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-09352004000400021.
Raflo, C. P., & Nuernberger, S. P. (1978). Abdominal mesothelioma in a cat. Veterinary Pathology, 15(6), 781-783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098587801500612. PMid:751315.
Schlueter, A. H., Dehghanpir, S. D., Boudreaux, B., Robinson, C., Lima, J. C. M. P., & Langohr, I. M. (2021). Feline mesothelioma: case report and review of cytologic, immunocytochemical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical findings. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 33(4), 753-757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10406387211017489. PMid:34047215.
Spugnini, E. P., Crispi, S., Scarabello, A., Caruso, G., Citro, G., & Baldi, A. (2008). Piroxicam and intracavitary platinumbased chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced mesothelioma in pets: preliminary observations. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, 27(1), 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-9966-27-6. PMid:18577247.
Tandon, R. T., Jimenez-Cortez, Y., Taub, R., & Borczuk, A. C. (2018). Immunohistochemistry in peritoneal mesothelioma: a single-center experience of 244 cases. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, 142(2), 236-242. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2017-0092-OA. PMid:29048219.
Umphlet, R. C., & Bertoy, R. W. (1988). Abdominal mesothelioma in a cat. Modern Veterinary Practice, 69, 71-73.
Uzal, F. A., Plattner, B. L., & Hostetter, J. M. (2016). Alimentary system. In G. Maxie (Ed.), Jubb, Kennedy, and Palmer’s pathology of domestic animals (6nd ed., Vol. 2., p. 256). St. Louis: Elsevier. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7020-5318-4.00007-3.
Weiss, A. T. A., Costa, A. B., & Klopfleisch, R. (2010). Predominantly fibrous malignant mesothelioma in a cat. Veterinary Medicine International, 2010, 396794. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2010/396794. PMid:20613995
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Heloísa Cristina Teixeira de Carvalho, Lígia Fernandes Gundim, Felipe Martins Pastor, Gabriel Henrique Guimarães, Arlinda Flores Coleto, Matias Pablo Juan Szabó, Alessandra Aparecida Medeiros-Ronchi